AI compute power: a new measure of global influence in 2025

Benedicta Philemon

25 Sep 2025 — 2 min read

The rise of AI compute power

In 2025, the global landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) is being reshaped by a new form of power: compute capacity. Just as oil once defined economic and geopolitical strength, AI compute power is now a critical determinant of national influence and technological leadership. A recent analysis by Rwazi Insights reveals that this power is concentrated in the hands of a few nations, with the United States leading the charge.

Global distribution of AI compute power

The United States stands at the forefront, commanding nearly 40 million H100 equivalents, approximately half of the world's total AI compute capacity. This dominance is supported by substantial investments in data centers and AI infrastructure, positioning the U.S. as a central hub for AI development and innovation.

Emerging as a significant player, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has leveraged its oil wealth to invest heavily in AI infrastructure. With over 23 million H100 equivalents, the UAE ranks second globally, surpassing traditional tech powerhouses in AI compute capacity. This strategic investment underscores the nation's ambition to diversify its economy and establish itself as a leader in the digital age.

Saudi Arabia follows closely, holding 7.2 million H100 equivalents. The kingdom's commitment to AI is evident through partnerships with global tech firms and substantial investments in data centers, aiming to enhance its technological capabilities and economic resilience.

China, despite its large stockpile of 628,900 AI chips, faces challenges due to trade restrictions and reliance on older, less efficient processors. This disparity highlights the impact of geopolitical factors on technological advancement and the importance of access to cutting-edge technology.

The energy implications

The scale of AI compute power comes with significant energy demands. Running these systems at full capacity would require approximately 55 gigawatts of electricity, equivalent to California's peak summer demand. This immense energy consumption raises questions about sustainability and the environmental impact of AI infrastructure. As nations expand their AI capabilities, balancing technological growth with energy efficiency becomes increasingly critical.

Strategic implications for business leaders

For CEOs and founders, the concentration of AI compute power presents both opportunities and challenges. Nations leading in AI infrastructure are poised to attract top talent, foster innovation, and drive economic growth. Conversely, countries lagging in AI capabilities may face economic disadvantages and reduced influence in global technological developments.

Business leaders should consider the strategic implications of AI infrastructure in their operations. Collaborating with nations investing in AI can offer access to advanced technologies and markets. Additionally, investing in AI capabilities can enhance a company's competitiveness and position it as a leader in the digital economy.

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